Act No. 13

Public Acts of 2014

Approved by the Governor

February 25, 2014

Filed with the Secretary of State

February 25, 2014

EFFECTIVE DATE: February 25, 2014

STATE OF MICHIGAN

97TH LEGISLATURE

REGULAR SESSION OF 2014

Introduced by Rep. Nesbitt

ENROLLED HOUSE BILL No. 5008

AN ACT to amend 1967 PA 281, entitled “An act to meet deficiencies in state funds by providing for the imposition, levy, computation, collection, assessment, reporting, payment, and enforcement by lien and otherwise of taxes on or measured by net income and on certain commercial, business, and financial activities; to prescribe the manner and time of making reports and paying the taxes, and the functions of public officers and others as to the taxes; to permit the inspection of the records of taxpayers; to provide for interest and penalties on unpaid taxes; to provide exemptions, credits and refunds of the taxes; to prescribe penalties for the violation of this act; to provide an appropriation; and to repeal acts and parts of acts,” by amending sections 623, 665, and 671 (MCL 206.623, 206.665, and 206.671), section 623 as amended by 2012 PA 414, section 665 as added by 2011 PA 38, and section 671 as amended by 2011 PA 313.

The People of the State of Michigan enact:

Sec. 623. (1) Except as otherwise provided in this part, there is levied and imposed a corporate income tax on every taxpayer with business activity within this state or ownership interest or beneficial interest in a flow-through entity that has business activity in this state unless prohibited by 15 USC 381 to 384. The corporate income tax is imposed on the corporate income tax base, after allocation or apportionment to this state, at the rate of 6.0%.

(2) The corporate income tax base means a taxpayer’s business income subject to the following adjustments, before allocation or apportionment, and the adjustment in subsection (4) after allocation or apportionment:

(a) Add interest income and dividends derived from obligations or securities of states other than this state, in the same amount that was excluded from federal taxable income, less the related portion of expenses not deducted in computing federal taxable income because of sections 265 and 291 of the internal revenue code.

(b) Add all taxes on or measured by net income including the tax imposed under this part to the extent that the taxes were deducted in arriving at federal taxable income.

(d) To the extent included in federal taxable income, deduct dividends and royalties received from persons other than United States persons and foreign operating entities, including, but not limited to, amounts determined under section 78 of the internal revenue code or sections 951 to 964 of the internal revenue code.

(e) Except as otherwise provided under this subdivision, to the extent deducted in arriving at federal taxable income, add any royalty, interest, or other expense paid to a person related to the taxpayer by ownership or control for the use of an intangible asset if the person is not included in the taxpayer’s unitary business group. The addition of any royalty, interest, or other expense described under this subdivision is not required to be added if the taxpayer can demonstrate that the transaction has a nontax business purpose, is conducted with arm’s-length pricing and rates and terms as applied in accordance with sections 482 and 1274(d) of the internal revenue code, and 1 of the following is true:

(i) The transaction is a pass through of another transaction between a third party and the related person with comparable rates and terms.

(ii) An addition would result in double taxation. For purposes of this subparagraph, double taxation exists if the transaction is subject to tax in another jurisdiction.

(iii) An addition would be unreasonable as determined by the state treasurer.

(iv) The related person recipient of the transaction is organized under the laws of a foreign nation which has in force a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States.

(f) To the extent included in federal taxable income, deduct interest income derived from United States obligations.

(g) For tax years beginning after December 31, 2011, eliminate all of the following:

(i) Income from producing oil and gas to the extent included in federal taxable income.

(ii) Expenses of producing oil and gas to the extent deducted in arriving at federal taxable income.

(h) For tax years beginning after December 31, 2012, for a qualified taxpayer, eliminate all of the following:

(i) Income derived from a mineral to the extent included in federal taxable income.

(ii) Expenses related to the income deductible under subparagraph (i) to the extent deducted in arriving at federal taxable income.

(3) For purposes of subsection (2), the business income of a unitary business group is the sum of the business income of each person included in the unitary business group less any items of income and related deductions arising from transactions including dividends between persons included in the unitary business group.

(4) Deduct any available business loss incurred after December 31, 2011. As used in this subsection, “business loss” means a negative business income taxable amount after allocation or apportionment. For purposes of this subsection, a taxpayer that acquires the assets of another corporation in a transaction described under section 381(a)(1) or (2) of the internal revenue code may deduct any business loss attributable to that distributor or transferor corporation. The business loss shall be carried forward to the year immediately succeeding the loss year as an offset to the allocated or apportioned corporate income tax base, then successively to the next 9 taxable years following the loss year or until the loss is used up, whichever occurs first.

(5) As used in this section, “oil and gas” means oil and gas that is subject to severance tax under 1929 PA 48, MCL 205.301 to 205.317.

Sec. 665. (1) Sales of the taxpayer in this state are determined as follows:

(a) Sales of tangible personal property are in this state if the property is shipped or delivered, or, in the case of electricity and gas, the contract requires the property to be shipped or delivered, to any purchaser within this state based on the ultimate destination at the point that the property comes to rest regardless of the free on board point or other conditions of the sales. Property stored in transit for 60 days or more prior to receipt by the purchaser or the purchaser’s designee, or in the case of a dock sale not picked up for 60 days or more, shall be deemed to have come to rest at this ultimate destination. Property stored in transit for fewer than 60 days prior to receipt by the purchaser or the purchaser’s designee, or in the case of a dock sale picked up before 60 days, is not deemed to have come to rest at this ultimate destination. For purposes of this subdivision:

(i) “Dock sale” means a sale in which the purchaser uses its own or rented vehicles, or makes arrangements with a carrier, to pick up the property at the seller’s location.

(ii) “Stored in transit” means storing, staging, forwarding, or consolidating activities undertaken for further shipment or transfer of the property to the purchaser or purchaser’s designee.

(b) Receipts from the sale, lease, rental, or licensing of real property are in this state if that property is located in this state.

(c) Receipts from the lease or rental of tangible personal property are sales in this state to the extent that the property is utilized in this state. The extent of utilization of tangible personal property in this state is determined by multiplying the receipts by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days of physical location of the property in this state during the lease or rental period in the tax year and the denominator of which is the number of days of physical location of the property everywhere during all lease or rental periods in the tax year. If the physical location of the property during the lease or rental period is unknown or cannot be determined, the tangible personal property is utilized in the state in which the property was located at the time the lease or rental payer obtained possession.

(d) Receipts from the lease or rental of mobile transportation property owned by the taxpayer are in this state to the extent that the property is used in this state. The extent to which an aircraft will be deemed to be used in this state and the amount of receipts that is to be included in the numerator of this state’s sales factor are determined by multiplying all the receipts from the lease or rental of the aircraft by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of landings of the aircraft in this state and the denominator of which is the total number of landings of the aircraft. If the extent of the use of any transportation property within this state cannot be determined, then the receipts are in this state if the property has its principal base of operations in this state.

(e) Royalties and other income received for the use of or for the privilege of using intangible property, including patents, know-how, formulas, designs, processes, patterns, copyrights, trade names, service names, franchises, licenses, contracts, customer lists, custom computer software, or similar items, are attributed to the state in which the property is used by the purchaser. If the property is used in more than 1 state, the royalties or other income shall be apportioned to this state pro rata according to the portion of use in this state. If the portion of use in this state cannot be determined, the royalties or other income shall be excluded from both the numerator and the denominator. Intangible property is used in this state if the purchaser uses the intangible property or the rights to the intangible property in the regular course of its business operations in this state, regardless of the location of the purchaser’s customers.

(2) Sales from the performance of services are in this state and attributable to this state as follows:

(a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, all receipts from the performance of services are included in the numerator of the apportionment factor if the recipient of the services receives all of the benefit of the services in this state. If the recipient of the services receives some of the benefit of the services in this state, the receipts are included in the numerator of the apportionment factor in proportion to the extent that the recipient receives benefit of the services in this state.

(b) Sales derived from securities brokerage services attributable to this state are determined by multiplying the total dollar amount of receipts from securities brokerage services by a fraction, the numerator of which is the sales of securities brokerage services to customers within this state, and the denominator of which is the sales of securities brokerage services to all customers. Receipts from securities brokerage services include commissions on transactions, the spread earned on principal transactions in which the broker buys or sells from its account, total margin interest paid on behalf of brokerage accounts owned by the broker’s customers, and fees and receipts of all kinds from the underwriting of securities. If receipts from brokerage services can be associated with a particular customer, but it is impractical to associate the receipts with the address of the customer, then the address of the customer shall be presumed to be the address of the branch office that generates the transactions for the customer.

(c) Sales of services that are derived directly or indirectly from the sale of management, distribution, administration, or securities brokerage services to, or on behalf of, a regulated investment company or its beneficial owners, including receipts derived directly or indirectly from trustees, sponsors, or participants of employee benefit plans that have accounts in a regulated investment company, shall be attributable to this state to the extent that the shareholders of the regulated investment company are domiciled within this state. For purposes of this subdivision, “domicile” means the shareholder’s mailing address on the records of the regulated investment company. If the regulated investment company or the person providing management services to the regulated investment company has actual knowledge that the shareholder’s primary residence or principal place of business is different than the shareholder’s mailing address, then the shareholder’s primary residence or principal place of business is the shareholder’s domicile. A separate computation shall be made with respect to the receipts derived from each regulated investment company. The total amount of sales attributable to this state shall be equal to the total receipts received by each regulated investment company multiplied by a fraction determined as follows:

(i) The numerator of the fraction is the average of the sum of the beginning-of-year and end-of-year number of shares owned by the regulated investment company shareholders who have their domicile in this state.

(ii) The denominator of the fraction is the average of the sum of the beginning-of-year and end-of-year number of shares owned by all shareholders.

(iii) For purposes of the fraction, the year shall be the tax year of the regulated investment company that ends with or within the tax year of the taxpayer.

(3) Receipts from the origination of a loan or gains from the sale of a loan secured by residential real property are deemed a sale in this state only if 1 or more of the following apply:

(a) The real property is located in this state.

(b) The real property is located both within this state and 1 or more other states and more than 50% of the fair market value of the real property is located within this state.

(4) Interest from loans secured by real property is in this state if the property is located within this state, if the property is located both within this state and 1 or more other states and if more than 50% of the fair market value of the real property is located within this state, or if more than 50% of the fair market value of the real property is not located within any 1 state but the borrower is located in this state. The determination of whether the real property securing a loan is located within this state shall be made as of the time the original agreement was made and any and all subsequent substitutions of collateral shall be disregarded.

(5) Interest from a loan not secured by real property is in this state if the borrower is located in this state.

(6) Gains from the sale of a loan not secured by real property, including income recorded under the coupon stripping rules of section 1286 of the internal revenue code, are in this state if the borrower is in this state.

(7) Receipts from credit card receivables, including interest, fees, and penalties from credit card receivables and receipts from fees charged to cardholders, such as annual fees, are in this state if the billing address of the cardholder is in this state.

(8) Receipts from the sale of credit card or other receivables are in this state if the billing address of the customer is in this state. Credit card issuer’s reimbursements fees are in this state if the billing address of the cardholder is in this state. Receipts from merchant discounts, computed net of any cardholder chargebacks, but not reduced by any interchange transaction fees or by any issuer’s reimbursement fees paid to another for charges made by its cardholders, are in this state if the commercial domicile of the merchant is in this state.

(9) Loan servicing fees derived from loans of another secured by real property are in this state if the real property is located in this state, if the real property is located both within and outside of this state and 1 or more states if more than 50% of the fair market value of the real property is located in this state, or if more than 50% of the fair market value of the real property is not located in any 1 state but the borrower is located in this state. Loan servicing fees derived from loans of another not secured by real property are in this state if the borrower is located in this state. If the location of the security cannot be determined, then loan servicing fees for servicing either the secured or the unsecured loans of another are in this state if the lender to whom the loan servicing service is provided is located in this state.

(10) Receipts from the sale of securities and other assets from investment and trading activities, including, but not limited to, interest, dividends, and gains are in this state in either of the following circumstances:

(a) The person’s customer is in this state.

(b) If the location of the person’s customer cannot be determined, both of the following apply:

(i) Interest, dividends, and other income from investment assets and activities and from trading assets and activities, including, but not limited to, investment securities; trading account assets; federal funds; securities purchased and sold under agreements to resell or repurchase; options; futures contracts; forward contracts; notional principal contracts such as swaps; equities; and foreign currency transactions are in this state if the average value of the assets is assigned to a regular place of business of the taxpayer within this state. Interest from federal funds sold and purchased and from securities purchased under resale agreements and securities sold under repurchase agreements is in this state if the average value of the assets is assigned to a regular place of business of the taxpayer within this state. The amount of receipts and other income from investment assets and activities is in this state if assets are assigned to a regular place of business of the taxpayer within this state.

(ii) The amount of receipts from trading assets and activities, including, but not limited to, assets and activities in the matched book, in the arbitrage book, and foreign currency transactions, but excluding amounts otherwise sourced in this section, is in this state if the assets are assigned to a regular place of business of the taxpayer within this state.

(11) Receipts from transportation services rendered by a person subject to tax in another state are in this state and shall be attributable to this state as follows:

(a) Except as otherwise provided in subdivisions (b) through (e), receipts shall be proportioned based on the ratio of revenue miles of the person in this state to the revenue miles of the person everywhere.

(b) Receipts from maritime transportation services shall be attributable to this state as follows:

(i) 50% of those receipts that either originate or terminate in this state.

(ii) 100% of those receipts that both originate and terminate in this state.

(c) Receipts attributable to this state of a person whose business activity consists of the transportation both of property and of individuals shall be proportioned based on the total receipts for passenger miles and ton mile fractions, separately computed and individually weighted by the ratio of receipts from passenger transportation to total receipts from all transportation, and by the ratio of receipts from freight transportation to total receipts from all transportation, respectively.

(d) Receipts attributable to this state of a person whose business activity consists of the transportation of oil by pipeline shall be proportioned based on the ratio of the receipts for the barrel miles transported in this state to the receipts for the barrel miles transported by the person everywhere.

(e) Receipts attributable to this state of a person whose business activities consist of the transportation of gas by pipeline shall be proportioned based on the ratio of the receipts for the 1,000 cubic feet miles transported in this state to the receipts for the 1,000 cubic feet miles transported by the person everywhere.

(12) For purposes of subsection (11), if a taxpayer can show that revenue mile information is not available or cannot be obtained without unreasonable expense to the taxpayer, receipts attributable to this state shall be that portion of the revenue derived from transportation services performed everywhere that the miles of transportation services performed in this state bear to the miles of transportation services performed everywhere. If the department determines that the information required for the calculations under subsection (11) are not available or cannot be obtained without unreasonable expense to the taxpayer, the department may use other available information that in the opinion of the department will result in an equitable allocation of the taxpayer’s receipts to this state.

(13) Except as provided in subsections (14) through (19), receipts from the sale of telecommunications service or mobile telecommunications service are in this state if the customer’s place of primary use of the service is in this state. As used in this subsection, “place of primary use” means the customer’s residential street address or primary business street address where the customer’s use of the telecommunications service primarily occurs. For mobile telecommunications service, the customer’s residential street address or primary business street address is the place of primary use only if it is within the licensed service area of the customer’s home service provider.

(14) Receipts from the sale of telecommunications service sold on an individual call-by-call basis are in this state if either of the following applies:

(a) The call both originates and terminates in this state.

(b) The call either originates or terminates in this state and the service address is located in this state.

(15) Receipts from the sale of postpaid telecommunications service are in this state if the origination point of the telecommunication signal, as first identified by the service provider’s telecommunication system or as identified by information received by the seller from its service provider if the system used to transport telecommunication signals is not the seller’s, is located in this state.

(16) Receipts from the sale of prepaid telecommunications service or prepaid mobile telecommunications service are in this state if the purchaser obtains the prepaid card or similar means of conveyance at a location in this state. Receipts from recharging a prepaid telecommunications service or mobile telecommunications service are in this state if the purchaser’s billing information indicates a location in this state.

(17) Receipts from the sale of private communication services are in this state as follows:

(a) 100% of the receipts from the sale of each channel termination point within this state.

(b) 100% of the receipts from the sale of the total channel mileage between each termination point within this state.

(c) 50% of the receipts from the sale of service segments for a channel between 2 customer channel termination points, 1 of which is located in this state and the other is located outside of this state, which segments are separately charged.

(d) The receipts from the sale of service for segments with a channel termination point located in this state and in 2 or more other states or equivalent jurisdictions, and which segments are not separately billed, are in this state based on a percentage determined by dividing the number of customer channel termination points in this state by the total number of customer channel termination points.

(18) Receipts from the sale of billing services and ancillary services for telecommunications service are in this state based on the location of the purchaser’s customers. If the location of the purchaser’s customers is not known or cannot be determined, the sale of billing services and ancillary services for telecommunications service is in this state based on the location of the purchaser.

(19) Receipts to access a carrier’s network or from the sale of telecommunications services for resale are in this state as follows:

(a) 100% of the receipts from access fees attributable to intrastate telecommunications service that both originates and terminates in this state.

(b) 50% of the receipts from access fees attributable to interstate telecommunications service if the interstate call either originates or terminates in this state.

(c) 100% of the receipts from interstate end user access line charges, if the customer’s service address is in this state. As used in this subdivision, “interstate end user access line charges” includes, but is not limited to, the surcharge approved by the federal communications commission and levied pursuant to 47 CFR 69.

(d) Gross receipts from sales of telecommunications services to other telecommunication service providers for resale shall be sourced to this state using the apportionment concepts used for non-resale receipts of telecommunications services if the information is readily available to make that determination. If the information is not readily available, then the taxpayer may use any other reasonable and consistent method.

(20) Except as otherwise provided under this subsection, for a taxpayer whose business activities include live radio or television programming as described in subsector code 7922 of industry group 792 under the standard industrial classification code as compiled by the United States department of labor or are included in industry groups 483, 484, 781, or 782 under the standard industrial classification code as compiled by the United States department of labor, or any combination of the business activities included in those groups, media receipts are in this state and attributable to this state only if the commercial domicile of the customer is in this state and the customer has a direct connection or relationship with the taxpayer pursuant to a contract under which the media receipts are derived. For media receipts from the sale of advertising, if the customer of that advertising is commercially domiciled in this state and receives some of the benefit of the sale of that advertising in this state, the media receipts from the advertising to that customer are included in the numerator of the apportionment factor in proportion to the extent that the customer receives the benefit of the advertising in this state. For purposes of this subsection, if the taxpayer is a broadcaster and if the customer receives some of the benefit of the advertising in this state, the media receipts for that sale of advertising from that customer shall be proportioned based on the ratio that the broadcaster’s viewing or listening audience in this state bears to its total viewing or listening audience everywhere. As used in this subsection:

(a) “Media property” means motion pictures, television programs, internet programs and websites, other audiovisual works, and any other similar property embodying words, ideas, concepts, images, or sound without regard to the means or methods of distribution or the medium in which the property is embodied.

(b) “Media receipts” means receipts from the sale, license, broadcast, transmission, distribution, exhibition, or other use of media property and receipts from the sale of media services. Media receipts do not include receipts from the sale of media property that is a consumer product that is ultimately sold at retail.

(c) “Media services” means services in which the use of the media property is integral to the performance of those services.

(21) Terms used in subsections (13) through (20) have the same meaning as those terms defined in the streamlined sales and use tax agreement administered under the streamlined sales and use tax administration act, 2004 PA 174, MCL 205.801 to 205.833.

(22) For purposes of this section, a borrower is considered located in this state if the borrower’s billing address is in this state.

Sec. 671. (1) The credit provided in this section shall be taken before any other credit under this part and is available to any taxpayer, other than those taxpayers subject to the tax imposed under chapter 12 or 13, with gross receipts that do not exceed $20,000,000.00 and with adjusted business income minus the loss adjustment that does not exceed $1,300,000.00 as adjusted annually for inflation using the Detroit consumer price index, and subject to the following:

(a) A corporation or unitary business group is disqualified if either of the following occurs for the respective tax year:

(i) Compensation and directors’ fees of a shareholder or officer exceed $180,000.00.

(ii) The sum of the following amounts exceeds $180,000.00:

(A) Compensation and directors’ fees of a shareholder.

(B) The product of the percentage of outstanding ownership or of outstanding stock owned by that shareholder multiplied by the difference between the following:

(I) The sum of business income and, to the extent deducted in determining federal taxable income, a carryback or a carryover of a net operating loss or capital loss.

(II) The loss adjustment.

(b) Subject to the reduction percentage determined under subsection (3), the credit determined under this subsection shall be reduced by the following percentages in the following circumstances:

(i) If compensation and directors’ fees of a shareholder or officer are, or if the sum of the amounts in subdivision (a)(ii)(A) and (B) is, more than $160,000.00 but less than $165,000.00, the credit is reduced by 20%.

(ii) If compensation and directors’ fees of a shareholder or officer are, or if the sum of the amounts in subdivision (a)(ii)(A) and (B) is, $165,000.00 or more but less than $170,000.00, the credit is reduced by 40%.

(iii) If compensation and directors’ fees of a shareholder or officer are, or if the sum of the amounts in subdivision (a)(ii)(A) and (B) is, $170,000.00 or more but less than $175,000.00, the credit is reduced by 60%.

(iv) If compensation and directors’ fees of a shareholder or officer are, or if the sum of the amounts in subdivision (a)(ii)(A) and (B) is, $175,000.00 or more but not in excess of $180,000.00, the credit is reduced by 80%.

(2) For the purposes of determining disqualification under subsection (1), both of the following apply:

(a) An active shareholder’s share of business income shall not be attributed to another active shareholder.

(b) If the taxpayer is a unitary business group, the amount of all items paid or allocable by all persons included in the unitary business group to any 1 individual who is a shareholder or officer of a single person included in the unitary business group shall be combined.

(3) The reduction percentage is the greater of the following:

(a) The reduction percentage based on the compensation and directors’ fees of the shareholder or officer with the greatest amount of compensation and directors’ fees.

(b) The reduction percentage based on the sum of the amounts in subsection (1)(a)(ii)(A) and (B) for the shareholder or officer with the greatest sum of the amounts in subsection (1)(a)(ii)(A) and (B).

(4) A taxpayer that qualifies under subsection (1) is allowed a credit against the tax imposed under this part. The credit under this subsection is the amount by which the tax imposed under this part exceeds 1.8% of adjusted business income.

(5) If gross receipts exceed $19,000,000.00, the credit shall be reduced by a fraction, the numerator of which is the amount of gross receipts over $19,000,000.00 and the denominator of which is $1,000,000.00. The credit shall not exceed 100% of the tax liability imposed under this part.

(6) For a taxpayer that reports for a tax year less than 12 months, the amounts specified in this section for gross receipts, adjusted business income, and share of business income shall be multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of months in the tax year and the denominator of which is 12.

(7) Compensation paid by a professional employer organization to the officers of the client and to employees of the professional employer organization who are assigned or leased to and perform services for the client shall be included in determining eligibility of the client under this section.

(8) A disqualifier or reduction under subsection (1) applies to a taxpayer that is a unitary business group if a disqualifier or reduction applies to any member of a unitary business group.

(9) As used in this section:

(a) “Active shareholder” means a shareholder who receives at least $10,000.00 in compensation, directors’ fees, or dividends from the business, and who owns at least 5% of the outstanding stock or other ownership interest.

(b) “Adjusted business income” means business income as defined in section 603 with all of the following adjustments:

(i) Add compensation and directors’ fees of active shareholders of a corporation.

(ii) Add, to the extent deducted in determining federal taxable income, a carryback or carryover of a net operating loss.

(iii) Add, to the extent deducted in determining federal taxable income, a carryback or carryover capital loss.

(iv) Add compensation and directors’ fees of officers of a corporation.

(d) “Compensation” means all wages, salaries, fees, bonuses, commissions, and other payments made in the tax year on behalf of or for the benefit of employees, officers, or directors of the taxpayers. Compensation includes, but is not limited to, payments that are subject to or specifically exempt or excepted from withholding under sections 3401 to 3406 of the internal revenue code. Compensation also includes, on a cash or accrual basis consistent with the taxpayer’s method of accounting for federal income tax purposes, payments to a pension, retirement, or profit sharing plan other than those payments attributable to unfunded accrued actuarial liabilities, and payments for insurance for which employees are the beneficiaries, including payments under health and welfare and noninsured benefit plans and payment of fees for the administration of health and welfare and noninsured benefit plans. Compensation does not include any of the following:

(i) Discounts on the price of the taxpayer’s merchandise or services sold to the taxpayer’s employees, officers, or directors that are not available to other customers.

(ii) Except as otherwise provided in this subdivision, payments to an independent contractor.

(iii) Payments to state and federal unemployment compensation funds.

(iv) The employer’s portion of payments under the federal insurance contributions act, chapter 21 of subtitle C of the internal revenue code, 26 USC 3101 to 3128, the railroad retirement tax act, chapter 22 of subtitle C of the internal revenue code, 26 USC 3201 to 3233, and similar social insurance programs.

(v) Payments, including self-insurance payments, for worker’s compensation insurance or federal employers’ liability act insurance pursuant to 45 USC 51 to 60.

(e) “Detroit consumer price index” means the most comprehensive index of consumer prices available for the Detroit area from the United States department of labor, bureau of labor statistics.

(f) “Loss adjustment” means the amount by which adjusted business income was less than zero in any of the 5 tax years immediately preceding the tax year for which eligibility for the credit under this section is being determined. In determining the loss adjustment for a tax year, a corporation is not required to use more of the taxpayer’s total negative adjusted business income than the amount needed to qualify the corporation for the credit under this section. A corporation shall not be considered to have used any portion of the taxpayer’s negative adjusted business income amount unless the portion used is necessary to qualify for the credit under this section. A corporation shall not reuse a negative adjusted business income amount used as a loss adjustment in a previous tax year or use a negative adjusted business income amount from a year in which the corporation did not receive the credit under this section.

(g) “Officer” means an officer of a corporation including all of the following:

(i) The chairperson of the board.

(ii) The president, vice president, secretary, or treasurer of the corporation or board.

(iii) Persons performing similar duties and responsibilities to persons described in subparagraphs (i) and (ii), that include, at a minimum, major decision making.

Enacting section 1. This amendatory act is retroactive and effective for tax years that begin after December 31, 2011.

This act is ordered to take immediate effect.

Clerk of the House of Representatives

Secretary of the Senate

Approved

Governor